Přehrávání pondělí 15. listopadu 1982

5 DAILY NEWSPAPERS VIE FOR PUERTO RICO'S READERS

Date: 15 November 1982

By Michael Wright, Special To the New York Times

Michael Wright

For $1.25 a day, most of Puerto Rico's 3.2 million residents can start their morning with an eye-opening, if not always elevating, array of newspapers. At a time when a steadily declining number of cities under the American flag can support even two competing dailies, San Juan can boast of five. There is some speculation that the island's chronic economic ills and the inroads made by television could make San Juan a two-@ or three-newspaper town. For now, six mornings a week, 600,000 copies of the papers, all but one printed in Spanish, are dropped on doorsteps or left in racks all over the commonwealth. Several thousand more are shipped to such mainland cities as New York, Miami and Chicago, which have substantial Puerto Rican populations.

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News Analysis

Date: 15 November 1982

By William Serrin

William Serrin

Two different approaches to union democracy were demonstrated last week, one by the United Mine Workers of America and one by the United Automobile Workers. For the mine workers, Rich Trumka, an insurgent candidate, soundly defeated Sam M. Church Jr., the incumbent, for the union presidency in a direct election by union members. A substantial portion of the union's 160,000 active members voted at mine sites. In the U.A.W., the union's 26-member international executive board met in private session at a Dearborn, Mich., hotel, and selected Owen Bieber, a union vice president, to succeed Douglas A. Fraser as president. Mr. Bieber must be approved by the union convention delegates next May in Dallas, but they almost always endorse the executive board's choice.

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News Analysis

Date: 15 November 1982

By John F. Burns, Special To the New York Times

John Burns

Diplomats assessing the swift appointment of Yuri V. Andropov as General Secretary of the Communist Party believe that he wants to make an early beginning on a tightening of discipline through the whole of Soviet society, to lessen inefficiency and waste that caused widespread disillusionment in the last years of Leonid I. Brezhnev's tenure. The expectation of a tougher approach is also widespread among ordinary Russians, and it could mean an even more extensive crackdown on the dissident movement than the one Mr. Andropov presided over during his 15 years as head of the K.G.B., the intelligence and internal-security agency. In addition, it probably heralds a drive to curb the absenteeism, slothfulness and heavy drinking that have contributed to the country's chronic economic problems. But it could also mean some changes that many think are badly needed.

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News Analysis

Date: 16 November 1982

By Leslie H. Gelb, Special To the New York Times

Leslie Gelb

Administration officials said today that President Reagan had instructed Vice President Bush and Secretary of State George P. Shultz not to engage in any hostile exchanges with the new Soviet leaders and to emphasize that there would be no change in Administration policy. The instructions encapsulate the attitude of the Administration as it tries to come to terms with the new wielders of power in Moscow. Mr. Reagan, Administration officials said, is eager for improved relations with Moscow. But he wants his representatives to make clear again that better relations can come only if the Soviet Union first moderates its behavior. Key Administration officials said today that they and Mr. Reagan were far more concerned about sending Moscow the wrong signals than about missing historic opportunities.

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News Analysis

Date: 15 November 1982

By Bernard Gwertzman, Special To the New York Times

Bernard Gwertzman

President Reagan's decision to lift some of the most stringent sanctions directed against the Soviet pipeline project is likely to become a continuing source of dispute in Washington and with some of the allies. There appeared to be no clear answer today to the question of why President Reagan decided to lift the sanctions, which were directed against American and other companies involved in the construction of the natural gas pipeline to Western Europe. Some of the questions being asked by people in an out of the government are: Did Mr. Reagan seek a face-saving way to back down in the face of a growing rift in the alliance and unhappiness in the American business community? Or were the sanctions dropped in return for the allies' agreeing to a much tougher overall economic policy toward the Russians? 'More Effective Measures' In his radio address to the nation on Saturday, Mr. Reagan said it was the latter, that he had brought about a more united and cohesive alliance strategy toward Moscow. And, he said, because the East-West policy agreement ''provides for stronger and more effective measures, there is no further need for those sanctions.'' That is the official line and the one that Secretary of State George P. Shultz used in the last two months to persuade the President to drop the original sanctions.

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News Analysis

Date: 16 November 1982

By Edward Cowan, Special To the New York Times

Edward Cowan

Its 15 members may not reach complete, bipartisan agreement on how to cure the financial ills of Social Security, but the National Commission on Social Security Reform already has achieved a great deal. The commission's three-day meeting last week directed the attention of the public and members of Congress to the continuing deficit in the old-age and survivors fund and to the urgency of taking action to end it. Educating the voters, press commentators and the 535 members of Congress - only a couple of dozen members understand the issues in detail, aides say - is a necessary first step toward crafting a legislative package that is sure to taste like nasty medicine. Republicans like Senator William L. Armstrong of Colorado say the commission's deliberations, which have been held in public, have forced the Democrats to acknowledge that the problem is real and urgent, as President Reagan argued in 1981 when he made proposals the Democrats shot down.

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MONEY NEWS WEAKENS PRICES

Date: 16 November 1982

By H.j. Maidenberg

Yields on key Treasury debt issues climbed as prices dropped late yesterday after the Federal Reserve reported a larger-than-expected increase in the nation's basic money supply. The immediate reaction in the credit markets was that the Fed had delayed making further cuts in interest rates because of concern that the money supply was rising at an unacceptable pace, analysts said. ''The market was somewhat shocked after the numbers came out,'' one dealer said, adding: ''Most of us had expected the M-1 to be up no more than $1 billion for the week ended Nov. 3, and it was up $2.7 billion. We had expected the broader M-2 to be up no more than $9 billion for October, and it was up $13 billion.''

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CARIBBEAN GETS BAD NEWS ON AID

Date: 16 November 1982

By Richard J. Meislin, Special To the New York Times

Richard Meislin

The chairman of the House Ways and Means Committee said today that Congress was unlikely to take up the remaining parts of the Administration's Caribbean aid plan when it reconvenes later this month and would probably not consider it for ''six to eight months.'' The chairman, Dan Rostenkowski, Democrat of Illinois, made the assessment at a lunch with seven Caribbean heads of state here this afternoon and later in a briefing to reporters.

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News Summary; TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 16, 1982

Date: 16 November 1982

International Washington-Bonn unity on a basically conservative approach to relations with the Soviet Union were expressed by President Reagan and Chancellor Helmut Kohl. After two hours of talks at the White House, they issued a joint statement expressing their willingness to increase cooperation with the new Soviet leadership but only ''if Soviet conduct makes that possible.'' (Page A1, Column 6.) Vice President Bush met briefly with the new Soviet leader, Yuri V. Andropov. The meeting was described by the American side as ''frank, cordial and substantive'' and by the Russians as an exchange ''on the fundamental matters of Soviet-U.S. relations.'' Neither side offered details. (A10:1-2.)

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News Summary; MONDAY, NOVEMBER 15, 1982

Date: 15 November 1982

International Lech Walesa returned to his family in Gdansk after more than 11 months of detention by the Polish Government. The leader of the outlawed Solidarity union told hundreds of welcoming neighbors that ''we have to reach an agreement, but not on our knees.'' He made the same remark in an interview on the Polish television, the contents of which have not been issued by the authorities, just before he was released from a Government-owned hunting lodge near the Soviet border. (Page A1, Column 6.) Hope for a turn to better Soviet ties was expressed by Vice President Bush and Secretary of State George P. Shultz on their arrival in Moscow for the funeral of Leonid I. Brezhnev. When they were about to leave the Soviet leader's bier, they were invited by the Soviet protocol officer to speak with Mr. Brezhnev's widow, Viktoria. The American delegation then moved to chairs placed near the bier for family members and Mr. Bush expressed the condolences of the American people. (A1:3.)

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